Programming Interviews Exposed

Part 1 — Data Structures That Decide Your Result

I’m rereading Programming Interviews Exposed (3rd Edition) — and it’s a strong reminder that interviews are rarely about “clever tricks”.

They’re about:

  • Fundamentals
  • Clear thinking
  • How you explain your logic under pressure

This is Part 1 of a short series where I’m sharing what actually matters in Data Structures — without overcomplicating it.


1️⃣ Arrays & Strings

Simple… until they’re not

Most interview problems secretly revolve around:

  • Two pointers
  • Sliding window
  • In-place updates

If you truly master strings and arrays, interviews start to feel lighter.

Key reminders:

  • O(1) access time
  • Off-by-one errors are common traps
  • Think about boundaries first

2️⃣ Linked Lists

Where pointers expose weak thinking

Classic interview traps:

  • Reverse a list
  • Detect a cycle
  • Remove k-th node from end

It’s never about syntax.
It’s about pointer rewiring safely and intentionally.

Important mindset shifts:

  • No indexing
  • Only references
  • Singly vs Doubly linked lists matter

3️⃣ Stacks & Queues

Hidden everywhere

Many problems don’t explicitly say “use a stack” — they expect you to recognize the pattern.

Stack → LIFO
Used in:

  • Recursion
  • Undo operations
  • Expression parsing

Queue → FIFO
Used in:

  • BFS
  • Scheduling
  • Streams
  • Task processing

4️⃣ Trees

Where recursion finally makes sense

Interview favorites include:

  • Height & depth
  • Tree traversal
  • Lowest Common Ancestor (LCA)

If trees scare you, recursion is usually the real issue.

Mindset matters:

  • Binary Tree ≠ Binary Search Tree
  • DFS vs BFS is a strategic choice

5️⃣ Hash Tables

The ultimate shortcut

Used for:

  • Frequency counting
  • Deduplication
  • Caching
  • Turning nested loops into clean logic

Average lookup: O(1)

When stuck in an interview, ask yourself:

“Can a hash map simplify this?”


Interview Truth

Data structures don’t fail you — preparation does.

Interviews test:

  • Thinking patterns
  • Communication
  • Pattern recognition

Patterns repeat more than problems.

Explain your logic out loud.

That matters more than memorizing solutions.


This is Part 1 of the series.

👉 Part 2 — Algorithms — coming next.


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